工程教育认证的基本理念 - 工程教育认证 - 江西财经大学皇冠博彩官网

工程教育认证的基本理念

日期：2024-10-11 发布：文章点击数：28

1. 以学生为中心（Students-centred）：把全体学生学习效果作为关注的焦点。教育目标围绕学生的培养，教学设计聚焦学生的能力培养，师资与教育资源满足学生学习效果的达成，教学评价的焦点是对学生效果的评价。以学生为中心，不是以少数优秀学生为中心，也不是以多数学生为中心，而是以全体学生为中心，是通过评价所有学生学习成果的达成情况来评价专业办学的有效性。

2. 产出导向教育（OBE：Outcomes-based Education）：教学设计和教学实施的目标是学生通过教育过程最后所取得的学习成果。传统的教学设计是以课程为导向(Course-based Education)的，从通识基础课、学科基础课、专业基础课到专业课。教师只要讲授完课程，学生只要每门课程考试合格，就达到毕业要求。在这种设计中，教师的授课进度和授课质量就成了主要事情，以教师为中心是自然而然的。

工程教育专业认证提出的产出导向的教育取向完整的说明了学校定位、培养目标、毕业要求、课程体系、教学活动、师资及教学资源之间的关系：利益相关各方（学生、家长、学校、企业等）的需求决定学校的定位（这个与我们通常所说的以就业为导向不同）学校定位决定专业培养目标；专业培养目标决定学生毕业要求；毕业要求决定课程体系；课程体系决定教学活动设计、师资及教学资源配置。这是一个由上向下设计，由下向上支撑的过程。

3. 质量持续改进（CQI：Continue Quality Improvement）：建立“评价—反馈—改进”闭环，形成质量持续改进机制。目前有很多的评估、评比、检查，目的是为了改进教学，由于不具操作性，多半变成了奖励的依据、分级的依据。工程教育专业认证提出的持续改进的质量文化包括：建立常态性评价机制并不断改进；培养目标、毕业要求、教学环节都要进行评价；每个教师在持续改进中均承担责任；持续改进的效果通过学生的表现来体现。持续改进为我们提供了可操作的评价方法，持续改进告诉我们，评价的唯一目的是改进。

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[ SQL ] SHOW COLUMNS FROM `yzn_category` [ RunTime:0.001643s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 0 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000672s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 2 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000900s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 3 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000736s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 4 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000759s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 5 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000673s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 6 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000775s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 7 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000906s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 9 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000908s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 10 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000906s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 0 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000876s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 2 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.001049s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 22 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000751s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 3 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000951s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 27 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.001368s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 4 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.001492s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 29 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000918s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 30 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.001512s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 5 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000824s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 6 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.004768s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 38 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000871s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 39 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.002014s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 7 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000934s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 48 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.004447s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 9 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000843s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 10 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000665s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_singlecontent` WHERE ( `catid` = 16 AND `status` = 1 AND `id` < 181 ) ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001268s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_singlecontent` WHERE ( `catid` = 16 AND `status` = 1 AND `id` > 181 ) LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001426s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 0 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.002013s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 1 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.001544s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 2 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000918s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 3 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.013391s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 4 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.002903s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 5 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000788s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 6 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000756s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 7 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.001154s ]
[ SQL ] SELECT * FROM `yzn_category` WHERE ( `status`=1 AND `parentid` = 0 AND `language` = 'default' ) ORDER BY `listorder` ASC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.001040s ]

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